War and Peace ...and War (35 to 32 B.C.E.)

In 35 B.C.E., Octavian, now the unrivaled leader of Rome, faced challenges in Illyricum due to prior neglect by Julius Caesar. His friend Agrippa executed a combined land-sea campaign to stabilize the region, but setbacks prolonged the conflict. By 33 B.C.E., political tensions escalated between Octavian and Antony, leading to a brewing civil war.